Script:

1. The most prominent cell of the nervous tissue, the neuron, is characterized mainly by its ability to receive stimuli and respond by generating an electrical signal.
2. This signal is known as an action potential and can travel rapidly over great distances in the body.
3. A typical neuron displays a distinctive morphology.
4. It consists of a large cell body branching out into short extensions called dendrites and a long tail called an axon.
5. The dendrites receive chemical signals from other neurons, while the axon relays signals away from the cell to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
6. Many axons are wrapped by a myelin sheath, a lipid derivative that acts as an insulator and speeds up the transmission of the action potential.
7. Other cells in the nervous tissue, the neuroglia, include the astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells.
8. Astrocytes provide structural support and play a crucial role in regulating the chemical environment of the brain.
9. Microglia are specialized immune cells that defend the central nervous system by removing debris and pathogens.
10. Oligodendrocytes are responsible for producing myelin, a fatty substance that insulates axons in the central nervous system.
11. Schwann cells, found in the peripheral nervous system, wrap around axons to form myelin sheaths, facilitating faster nerve signal transmission.